HAMAS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

HAMAS - Essay Example This network sustained the MB during the death of Hassan-al Banna. The succeeding leaders of MB used a proactive approach to overthrow secular governments and revive Islam. Despite the tough suppression, the MB became a classless movement that extended beyond Egypt and found its way to Palestine. The first MB in Palestine was formed in 1946 and participated in the Arab-Israeli war in 1948. In 1952 a faction of the MB was formed-The Palestinian Islamist Party. Its radical rather than reformist approach did not gather mass appeal and after its leadership was exiled the party became insignificant. The foundations of Hamas originated in the Islamic Centre which was established in 1973 in the Gaza Strip. It took over mosques and zakat committees; it established a welfare system and founded medical, religious, and health facilities and gained mass popularity (Knudsen 2004). In December 1987 a road accident between an Israeli truck and the automobiles carrying Palestinian laborers caused an extensive uprising-the first intifada. The Islamic resistance was slow to react because until then the Islamic Centre, particularly its leader Sheikh Yasin, was not ready to declare Jihad. Therefore, the Centre agreed to fashion a second organization, Hamas, which would participate in the armed resistance. If Hamas succeeded, the Islamic Centre would declare the organization as their own. In January 1988 Hamas initiated armed retaliation; in August 1988 the Hamas charter was released which states the affiliations, objectives, social responsibility and universality of the organization. The main leadership then shifted to Amman, so it controlled the finances and the military division. In 1992 Hamas’s intelligence wing integrated into the military wing (Mishal & Sela, 2000) The militant wing of Hamas used violence against Israeli civilians for retribution

COMPARATIVE POLITICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

COMPARATIVE POLITICS - Essay Example Thus, for example participation and activities in sports or female organizations should be also considered as political participation. This idea can be supported by the fact that all kinds of political and social organizations function in a political context of the country (Clark and Vincent Hoffmann-Martinot, 1998); they have administrative regulation and active social activities performed by their participants. Therefore political culture is a wide concept. In order to consider it with regard to political participation, we’ll focus our attention on political processes in three case study countries: USA, Russia and France. The main claim which will be developed in this research paper is that political events, socio-economic changes in these countries determine a context of political culture. A diverse political culture of the chosen countries, historical background and peculiarities of countries’ development is considered as influential factors of both political cultur e and political participation in America, Russia and France. America America is generally considered to be the most democratic country. Two hundred years were devoted to the development of democratic process in this country. America is well-known for overall obliged democratic principles and in spite of numerous arguments, this country will hardly loose heights of its democratic principles. ... Consequently, the most important values for Americans are: Declaration of Independence which propagates liberty and overall happiness, equality, self-government (i.e. â€Å"of the people, by the people, and for the people†) (Dye, 1994); propagation of individualistic success and respect to diversity. American nation is being developed in compliance with democratic principles, constitutionalism and capitalism. Consequently, there is direct delimitation between political, economic and social issues in America. This country propagates equal participation on different levels of country’s life. It can be supported by the fact that Americans actively participate in the voting process, they are active participants of social organizations and there is a high spirit of voluntarism in America. All these facts prove that political participation of American citizens coincides with propagated principles of liberty, independence, democracy, and respect to diversity. All this happens because of rich historical background of America: an intermixture of different cultures made Americans comply with different traditions, customs and respect different nations. Democratic principles are another ideal which America has been developing from the day of its foundation. Therefore, American nation respects and follows national politics, being an active participant in all spheres of country’s life. Therefore political culture of this country creates a favorable atmosphere for individual’s perfection and development (Kaid, Gerstlae and Sanders, 1991). A voluntary striving of the nation to the welfare of America proves the fact that citizens of the country respect America and work for the favor of their native country (Kernen, Beat, 2004). Russia Russia has been developed under

Research Topics in Insurance Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Topics in Insurance - Research Paper Example At the same time, it can also cover those who are bellow this specified age, but have special needs- the disabled or those suffering from the end stage renal disease. Under this scheme, one is eligible to be covered for the hospital bills under the umbrella of category ‘A’ at the same time, one can enjoy insurance coverage under part ‘B’ or be covered for the prescription of drugs under the scheme’s part ‘B’ This scheme however differs from the Medicaid programme because it mainly focuses on the elderly people at the age of 65 years and above. On the other hand, the Medicaid programme is open to any person in any age group. Similarly, the Medicare scheme solely relies on the federal government for funds while the Medicaid does not entirely depend on the federal government for funding. Part of its budget is footed by the respective semi- autonomous state governments. Medicaid insurance on the other hand relies on the federal government to offer health coverage or to provide home nursing for a specified category of people in the United States of America (US General Accountability Office, 2000). Such categories of people eligible for coverage under this noble programme are the low income earning people in the American society. They include the children, parents of eligible children, the elderly, pregnant women and the disabled who may be in a dire need for home nursing. Ideally, this programme was designed to help the categories of people to afford medical bills under the Medicaid programme, an eligible person is entitled to be wholly or partly be assisted to settle their medical bills. Generally, there are two distinct types of Medicaid- Community Medicaid and the Medicaid nursing. Community Medicaid in its part was designed to assist people who a little or no medical insurance schemes at all. However, medical nursing home scheme on the other hand, is meant for

The dangers of genetically modified organisms Research Paper

The dangers of genetically modified organisms - Research Paper Example The benefits of this technology accompany risks that are associated with it. The dangers of producing genetically modified organisms portray the other side of this picture. The risks of this technology have been analyzed and categorized in this essay in a systematic order. This essay depicts analysis of the dangers of this technology. First of all there are some fundamental Weaknesses in this Concept. This technology can’t exactly be defined precisely. The process of genetic modification involves gene transfer from one organism to another. A specific gene can be precisely isolated from DNA; however, the insertion of that isolated gene into the target DNA is basically random so this can cause interruption in the functioning of other genes that may be essential to the sustainability of that organism. This imprecision has further implications as well. This procedure can certainly cause mutations which may harm the environment. â€Å"Genetic engineering is like performing heart surgery with a shovel. Scientists do not yet understand living systems completely enough to perform DNA surgery without creating mutations which could be harmful to the environment and our health. They are experimenting with very delicate, yet powerful forces of nature, without full knowledge of the repercussions† ("What are the, "). Genetic engineers have genetically modified crops and plants to have specific desired characteristics. The firms that produce such crops have patents for their products. Here is a scenario to ponder upon. Since the seeds of such plants and crops have the same genetic structure and are being produced on a massive scale, the widespread crop failure of these crops is not unquestionable incase these crops are attacked by a virus or a pest that they are not resistant to. Moreover, this is not just limited to bioengineered farms. Plants reproduce by cross-pollination with the help of insects, birds and even wind which act as the

Human resources. Recruitment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Human resources. Recruitment - Essay Example 12). She pointed out that there are three recruitment stages. These stages include the efforts by the organization to extend to the applicant populace to influence a little segment of them to become applicants. Another phase includes the efforts of the company to convince applicants to continue to be engrossed in the organization and to carry on following the job opportunity in anticipation of the organization determining whether to propose to them a position. Another phase is the attempts to influence people to accept job offers. Barber (1998) characterizes these phases as producing applicants, sustaining applicant standing, and controlling job preference. This study will examine what kind of competence does Norrona as a company searching for their new employees. The study will also explore the challenges in meeting the standards and qualifications of each position in the company. The second part of the study will evaluate the challenges of the demands of the candidate's competence in Norrona. Norrona is a small-medium business that was started by the managers grandfather in 1947. The company distributes catering equipment (range includes, cutlery, china, glassware, tableware, bar products, utensils, fryers, ranges, burners, grills, fridges, ware washing, furniture. At present, they are one of the largest company in Norways, their head office is in Stavenger also have other branches in Oslo, Kristiansand, Harstad and Bodo. The HR concept defined earlier will be related to various HR alternate approaches. One of these approaches is the recruitment and selection of the employees. These approaches are two important human resource activities and typically the first steps done in hiring employees. Usually, the initial operations of an organization are made of informal recruitment and selection processes. However, as the organization becomes more mature, the need for a well-established human resource practice becomes realized. This is where the concept of HRP becomes integrated. Through the HRP, formal recruitment and selection processes have been established and practiced; with this integration, organization are able to attract more suitable applicants for specific jobs. According to Cummings (2001), the introduction of more formal human resource recruitment and selection practices resulted to a more extensive use of private and government employment agencies, referrals as well as newspaper advertisements for offering job opportunities. This turnout was confirmed by more recent researches (Burnes, 1996); this finding was even correlated to the continuous growth of several organizations. For selection procedures, interview was the most common technique used by organizations. However, so as to screen the applicants more effectively with fewer errors, multiple selection techniques had also been employed. Barbeschi (2002) concluded that in both large and small firms, employees are selected through one on one interviews. In addition to this technique, some organizations even use panel interviews and written examinations in selecting employees. I. Since Norrona is one of the biggest companies in Norway, it intends to employ more workers every year. Being one of the companies with the most number of branches, this number is considerably accurate for the operations of

Business law concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business law concepts - Essay Example An employer has to pay wages even if no work is there for the employee to do. The common principle is that wages has to be paid if an employee is accessible for work. This again depends on whether the terms in the contract are expressed or implied. The case on hand with regard to Lessex Police Constabulary agree with Highspots Nightclub is similar to the case of Scottbridge Ltd v Wright wherein a night-watchman was called for to be on the building between 5 pm and 7 am every night. Other than some minor duties the watch man was mainly required to be in the premises to prevent any intruders. When the night watch-man claimed his wages the employer refused to pay saying that he had no work. The Court of Session preserved the EAT judgment that he has to be paid at least the national minimum wage rate for the hours he was at work. It was in the hands of the employer to render him with work and just because he did not have any work to do will not nullify his right to be paid.

The film Machuca, by Andrs Wood, explores a series of social relations Coursework

The film Machuca, by Andrs Wood, explores a series of social relations in Chile in 1973, ranging from inter- personal, familial, community, political organizations, and the Chilean nation - Coursework Example While Gonzalo belongs to an upper class family, Pedro belongs to a lower class poor family. But the egalitarian enthusiasm of the school priests and fathers leads them to grant scholarship to a few lower class boys so that they can attend school. This moment marks the beginning of a deep friendship between Gonzalo and Pedro, which the director has skillfully employed to construct the later plot of the story in a way that the theme of social classes and the political conditions of Chile become apparent. Then follows an appropriately paced sequence of scenes that delves the audience into the setting of the film: the Chile of 1973. Here onwards, the story unfolds to demonstrate the social, economic, and political conditions of the 1970s Chile through the lens of these two boys. â€Å"Class antagonism†, as identified by Martin-Cabrera and Voionmaa (2007), is an evident element of the film which is established quite early. The social experiment carried out by Father McEnroe allows children from shanty towns to obtain scholarship into the private English school run by him. As a result, poor lower class students get to study with their rich upper class counterparts. Gonzalo is among those who belong to the upper class living in a rich household whereas Pedro is a poor boy who lives in the shanty towns nearby. This social experiment allows the two polar classes to attend school together thereby bringing both sides to the extremes of the life they live. In a symbolic way, the social experiment closely resembles a real experiment reflecting the socialist, egalitarian policies of the government led by Salvador Allende. In Machuca (2007), as the new development of the experiment takes place the slum boys are mixed with elite bourgeoisie boys. However, the ex periment does not initially seem to be successful as the two antagonistic classes have a hard time integrating and assimilating with the